2025 WAEC ENGLISH: Waec Gce 2025 free. Government answers (1436)

(3a)
Judicial independence means that the salaries of judges and other judicial officers will be paid from a special fund called a consolidated fund. To this end, the judges can dispense justice without fear or favour and can serve as a perfect watchdog to the executive and the legislature, hence effecting a perfect application of the principles of checks and balances. This implies that the judiciary is free from the control of the other two organs of government.

(3b)
(i) Clear separation of powers - The judiciary is separated from other arms or organs of governmnt.
(ii) Appointment of judges should be done by the executive arms to avoid judicial control
(iii) Remuneration of judges (salaries) must be paid from the consolidated fund.
(iv) Judges and magistrates should have elements of immunity.

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(8a) 
(i) Growth and development: The party aims to work towards the growth and development of the west. 
(ii) Federal form of government: It advocated for a federal form of government. 

(8b) 
(i) Struggle for independence: The AG joined the NCNC and NPC in Nigeria's political struggle for independence. 
(ii) Universal free primary education (UPE): The party advocated for free education and successfully introduced to the universal free primary education in western Nigeria in 1995.
(iii) The motion for self government: This motion was moved by chief Anthony Enahoro in 1953. He was a major member of the action group.

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(7)
(i) Policy of assimilation : integration of educated African elite into French system was a great privilege. They enjoyed equal rights as there was no discrimination in civil service etc. Consequently, as civil servants, they could not revolt or agitate for anything since the system benefited them. 

(ii) People's welfare : the policy if assimilation, instead if contributing to the people's well being endangered it socially, economically and politically. 

(iii) No freedom of the press: this mad it difficult for the people to criticize government activities. The press, which was supposed to be the people's mouthpiece was censored. 

(iv) Indignant policy : the existence of this policy threatened the liberty of Africans. They we're subjected to arbitrary arrests and imprisonment.

(v) Minor political offices : the election of Africans into the French chamber as deputies also reduced the urge for nationalist activities

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(1)
(i) Majority rule: Democratic government is generally interpreted as rule by majority. The majority must however guarantee minority rights. It allows for mass participation of the citizens in government and the protection of minority interests. 

(ii) Political power belongs to the members of the community as a whole. 

(iii) Guarantee of fundamental human rights such as personal liberty, freedom of association, right to life, freedom of speech and expression. 

(iv) Free and fair elections at regular intervals to prevent the emergence of president for life. The periodic election is a device to secure political accountability in a Democratic society. 
The elections must be secret ballot to prevent intimidation of the electorate, particularly, the political opponents 

(v) Existence of separation of powers and checks and balances among the organs of government to forestall arbitrariness

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